The Saar Offensive was a French invasion of Saarland, Germany, in the first stages of World War Two, from 7 to 16 September 1939. The original plans was to assist Poland, which was then under invasion, by attacking Germany’s neglected western front. In 1921, the French Army and the Polish…

The Paris Auto show next October is a good time to take stock of the offer available to consumers on the market today. The overall trends are as follows. • Very few new thermal SUV offers • New hybrid design offering (SUV coupe and raised sedan) • Electrical propulsion progresses…

An electronic data capture (EDC) system is a computerized system designed for the collection of clinical data in electronic format for use mainly in human clinical trials. EDC replaces the traditional paper-based data collection methodology to streamline data collection and expedite the time to market for drugs and medical devices…

Part 11, as it is commonly called, defines the criteria under which electronic records and electronic signatures are considered trustworthy, reliable, and equivalent to paper records. Electronic signature An electronic signature, or e-signature, is data that is logically associated with other data and which is used by the signatory to sign the…

The sound of the Formula 1 engine is an integral part of the culture relating to this sport. However, over the years, some important voices in this sport have pushed for the electrification of the latter. Formula E is greener, leaner and already fully electric. Also it is a platform…

A good portion of the population has a primary reflex of spending everything they earn. Don’t get the wrong idea, this is a harmful reflex. The best solution is therefore to save. But what are the savings solutions that are available? This depends on the country you live in and…

Cyclical policy is the set of economic policy measures aimed at acting on the economy in the short term. “Cyclical policy is the set of actions of public authorities intended to regularize the overall development of the economy”. Short-term policy always has an objective (acting on economic activity in a…

What is a structural economic policy? Structural economic policy is the set of actions implemented by the public authorities to transform the economic system in order to improve its functioning. It aims to ensure the sustainable growth and competitiveness of the national economy. It is medium to long term. In the European Union, there are two…

Don’t you love it when corporation keep telling you that everything will be alright? Indeed we are always more attracted to reassuring messages rather than messages that cause anxiety but are true. A case in which this type of logic applies particularly well is the case of electric vehicles. In…